| Sir George Newnes, Bt | |
|---|---|
Caricature of George Newnes by Leslie Ward ("Spy") in Vanity Fair magazine, 1894 |
|
| Born | 13 March 1851 Matlock Bath, Derbyshire |
| Died | 9 June 1910 (aged 59) Lynton, Devon, England |
| Other names | Geo. Newnes[1] |
| Occupation | Newspaper Proprietor, Publisher, Editor & Politician |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse | Priscilla Hillyard |
Sir George Newnes, 1st Baronet (13 March 1851 Matlock Bath, Derbyshire[2][3] – 9 June 1910 Lynton, north Devon) was a publisher and editor in England.
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His father, Thomas Mold Newnes, was a Congregational church minister at the Glenorchy Chapel, Matlock.[2][4] He was educated at Silcoates School and then at Shireland Hall, Warwickshire, and the City of London School.[2][4] In 1875 he married Priscilla Hillyard.[4]
In 1867 he entered commerce in the "fancy goods" trade, working in London and Manchester.[2][4]
He began his career in publishing in 1881 when he founded Tit-Bits. The magazine was initially published in Manchester, containing extracts from books and other publications. He funded the magazine by opening a vegetarian restaurant in Manchester.[5] The addition of competitions increased the readership of the periodical, and in 1884 Newnes moved publication to London.[2] He began to work with W T Stead, with whom he founded the Review of Reviews in 1890.[2] Tit-Bits reached a circulation of 700,000 by the end of the 19th century.[5] It paved the way for popular journalism — the Daily Mail was founded by Alfred Harmsworth, a contributor to Tit-Bits, and the Daily Express was launched by Arthur Pearson, who worked at Tit'Bits for five years after winning a competition to get a job on the magazine.[5]
Arguably his best known publication was The Strand Magazine, begun in 1891, in which Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was first able to publish his Sherlock Holmes mystery series.[5] He also founded other magazine titles, including The Westminster Gazette (1873), The Wide World Magazine (1888), and Country Life (1897). In 1891 his publishing business was formed into a company that bore his name, George Newnes Ltd. The company was reconstructed in 1897 with a capital of 1,000,000 pounds, and began the publication of books.[2]
Politically, Newnes was Liberal, and he refounded the Westminster Gazette to support the party when the Pall Mall Gazette became a Unionist paper.[2] In 1885 he was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the newly-created constituency of Eastern Cambridgeshire or Newmarket. He held the seat for ten years, before his defeat by the Conservative millionaire horse-breeder, Harry McCalmont in 1895.[2] In 1895 he was created a baronet "of Wildcroft, in the parish of Putney, in the county of London; of Hollerday Hill, in the parish of Lynton, and Hesketh House, in the borough of Torquay, both in the county of Devon."[6] He re-entered the Commons in 1900 as MP for Swansea, and held the seat until he retired at the January 1910 general election.[2]
Newnes built a large home in Lynton, north Devon.[2] He played a major part in the development of the twin towns of Lynton and Lynmouth. He built an innovative cliff railway to join the two towns, and also provided the town hall and other amenities.[2] Largely as a result of Sir George's efforts, the 19-mile Lynton and Barnstaple Railway opened in 1898 ostensibly to bring visitors from the mainline railways at Barnstaple.
Sir George Newnes died at his Lynton home in June 1910, having suffered ill health from diabetes for some time.[2] He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son, Frank Newnes, who had served as MP for Bassetlaw, Nottinghamshire from 1906–1910.[2]
George Newnes Ltd continued publishing long after his death, with magazines such as Practical Mechanics and Practical Television. In 1963, the company became part of IPC Media, now a branch of Time Warner's publishing arm, Time Incorporated. Today Newnes books continue to be published by Elsevier.
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| New constituency | Member of Parliament for Newmarket 1885 – 1895 |
Succeeded by Harry McCalmont |
| Preceded by Sir John Dillwyn Llewellyn |
Member of Parliament for Swansea 1900 – Jan. 1910 |
Succeeded by Sir Alfred Mond |
| Baronetage of the United Kingdom | ||
| New creation | Baronet (of Wildcroft) 1895–1910 |
Succeeded by Frank Hillyard Newnes |